SCORM
From ElateWiki
The Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) was created by Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) of the Department of Defense (DoD) in 1997. The concept was to increase the efficiencies related to the creation, sharing and interchange of digital learning objects between data repositories, learning / course management systems, and other electronic systems.
This approach considers the life cycle uses of digital learning objects and strives to enhance their usage across systems and learning contexts.
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The "ilities"
These SCORM standards and specifications were created to promote a set of so-called "iliites".
Interoperability: Works across platforms and systems
Affordability: Able to be created in efficient ways
Durability: Stability, a hedge against obsolescence (without requiring expensive redesign, reconfiguration, or re-recording; not requiring a lot of modifications when used in different digital systems
Reuability: Easy modification and use; adaptable to different educational or training situations; able to be used in multiple applications and contexts
Accessibility: Searchable and easily available; locatable
Manageability: The ease of handling and control
Scalability: The effectiveness with which the digital learning object may be used with a wide ranging number of different learner group sizes
Digital Learning Objects
A number of different models assume many of the ilities suggested by SCORM. These include the Cisco Systems Reusable Learning Object Model, and others.
Much debate has gone on about the optimal size of a digital learning object.
The more essential and foundational an asset, the more reusable it is to other contexts. The more integrated a digital learning object is to a particular learning context and to a learning / course management system, the less reusable it is in different contexts (McGee, 2006, p. 28). The more abstract learning is, the more re-usable it may also be.
Technological Aspects
SCORM has long moved from the purely Web environment. "Hard SCORM" connects this functionality to the "hard copy" of books and papers as they link to mobile devices and computerized systems. "Pocket SCORM" brings related functionalities to handheld devices for mobile and ubiquitous ("ubi") learning.
SCORM Today
In 2007, it was announced that the public SCORM and that used by ADL and the DoD would split because of differing needs. The Learning Education Training Systems Interoperability (LETSI) organization is moving forward with the next evolutions of public-side SCORM.
See Also
"Reusable Learning Object Strategy: Designing and Developing Learning Objects for Multiple Learning Approaches": http://www.e-novalia.com/materiales/RLOW__07_03.pdf
Cisco Systems Reusable Information Object Strategy: Definition, Creation Overview, and Guidelines: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/ibs/solutions/learning/whitepapers/el_cisco_rio.pdf
Reusable Learning: Granularity: http://www.reusablelearning.org/about/Granularity.html
"Sharable Content Object Reference Model" (Wikipedia): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCORM
Learning Education Training Systems Interoperability (LETSI): https://letsi.org/
References
McGee, P. (2006). “Learning objects across the educational landscape: Designing for knowledge sharing and generation.” Educational Technology.